Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, leading to a distinct Gallo-Roman culture that laid the foundation of the French language. Inhabited since the Palaeolithic era, the territory of Metropolitan France was settled by Celtic tribes known as Gauls during the Iron Age. France is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre other major urban areas include Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Lille, Bordeaux, and Nice. Its eighteen integral regions (five of which are overseas) span a combined area of 643,801 km 2 (248,573 sq mi) and had a total population of over 68 million as of January 2023. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. It also includes overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, giving it one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. The CIA reports the total as 643,801 km 2 (248,573 sq mi).įrance ( French: ), officially the French Republic (French: République française ), is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Adding these give the total shown here for the entire French Republic. Source gives area of metropolitan France as 551,500 km 2 (212,900 sq mi) and lists overseas regions separately, whose areas sum to 89,179 km 2 (34,432 sq mi).
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